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Japan
Monday, December 4, 2023

今さら聞けないスタートアップとベンチャーの違い

スタートアップは、ベンチャー企業?

日本では、新しくできた、小さくて威勢のいい会社をベンチャー企業と呼んでいます。Venture Capital やVenture-backed companyという表現はありますが、そもそも「ベンチャー企業」という単語は日本人が作った和製英語。日本でのいわゆるベンチャー企業は、むしろ「新たに立ち上がったスモールビジネス」。新しい技術や知識を軸に、大企業では実施しにくい小回りの効く経営や、思い切った決断をする中小企業と考えていいでしょう。

では、スタートアップとベンチャーとを隔てるものはなんなのでしょうか?

大きな違いはその企業が設定している「ゴール」。ベンチャー企業は中長期的に課題に取り組み、世の中の課題を解決しようとしますが、スタートアップは主に短期間でのEXIT(エグジット)を目的にしています。 ベンチャー企業は、市場においてある程度受け入れられると確信が得られた事業を、既存のビジネスモデルをベースに展開し、安定した収益と長期成長を目指すもの。長期的な成長を目標にバランスの取れた組織とスタッフの成長や無理のない社内プロセスを築いていこうとします。

スタートアップを一言で表現すると、「イノベーション」がそこにあるかということ。起業家は、イノベーションを通じて、人々の生活や社会を変えるために起業。その組織は、ファウンダー含め即戦力になる人間で構成されており、しっかりとしたビジネスモデルもないなかを模索しながら新しいビジネスモデルを開発し、急激な成長を目指します。 アメリカの場合は、GoogleやFacebookに代表されるような大きなリターンを達成したスタートアップが多く存在し、ひとつのカルチャーにもなっているため、一攫千金を狙った投資及びビジネス展開の事例が数多くあります。しかし、日本では、イグジットの規模がそれに比較すると小さいため、スタートアップの成功事例は散見される程度です。

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